Singapore Bill Regulates Autonomous Vehicles and Personal Mobility Devices

The Land Transport and Related Matters (No. 2) Bill (Bill No. 21/2026) was introduced in the Parliament of Singapore and read the first time on 8 September 2026, published in the Republic of Singapore Government Gazette (Bills Supplement No. 21, Tuesday 8 September 2026). The Bill, which will become the Land Transport and Related Matters (No. 2) Act 2026 on a date the Minister appoints, amends four land-transport statutes and makes consequential changes to other Acts.

The Bill targets two fronts: it establishes a regulatory regime for autonomous (driverless) motor vehicles operating on public paths, and it tightens the registration, sale and advertising of personal mobility devices (PMDs), power-assisted bicycles (PABs) and mobility vehicles. It amends the Active Mobility Act 2017, the Electric Vehicles Charging Act 2022, the Road Traffic Act 1961 and the Small Motorised Vehicles (Safety) Act 2020.

Autonomous vehicles on public paths

A new Division 2C of the Active Mobility Act 2017 empowers the Minister to make regulations governing autonomous motor vehicles used in approved trials, approved special uses and approved testbeds on public paths. Authorised persons must hold liability insurance, publish public notices of trials and testbeds, keep registers of vehicles and operators, and fit vehicles with sensor-data capture and manual-override alert systems.

• Regulations may prescribe weather and climatic conditions, vehicle design and equipment, and duties of operators and authorised persons.
• The framework carries a “sunset” clause: the new section 23N and its regulations remain in force until 30 September 2031.
• Interfering with an approved trial, special use or testbed, or with an autonomous vehicle’s equipment, is an offence punishable by a fine of up to $5,000.

Registration and sale of mobility devices

The Bill expands the Active Mobility Act to regulate the vehicles and devices that may be used on public paths, and their registration and sale. Sellers must display warning notices and specification notices for mobility device batteries, and must not display “offending vehicles” where consumers can see them.

• Selling a PAB or registrable PMD that is an “unsafe device” carries fines up to $20,000 (individuals) or $40,000 (repeat offenders, up to 48 months’ imprisonment).
• Publishing “offending advertisements” or false or misleading representations about public-path vehicles, batteries or components is an offence, with repeat-offender fines up to $40,000.
• The rules extend to online marketplaces and to conduct outside Singapore that results in sales in Singapore.

Road traffic, EV charging and enforcement

Part 3 of the Bill amends the Road Traffic Act 1961 to extend the sunset period of the autonomous-vehicle regulatory sandbox, create a framework for the authorised disposal of de-registered vehicles, and prohibit the advertising of unlawful ride-hail services. Part 2 revises the Electric Vehicles Charging Act 2022, replacing registration marks with registration codes and mandating periodic inspection of prescribed EV chargers. Part 4 increases the penalty for illegal importation of small motorised vehicles and adds a ticketing process to the Small Motorised Vehicles (Safety) Act 2020.

For the millions of Singaporeans who commute by PMD, PAB or mobility vehicle, the Bill means stricter compliance at the point of sale and clearer liability for sellers and online marketplaces. For developers of driverless technology, it provides a defined, time-limited legal pathway to test and deploy autonomous vehicles on public paths, subject to insurance, publicity and safety conditions.

Source: Republic of Singapore Government Gazette, Bills Supplement No. 21, 8 September 2026, section I (official reference: Bill No. 21/2026).